text: March 22. Lyons. Pope Innocent IV writes to the brothers of the Order of Friars Minor (Franciscans) setting off for the lands of the Saracens (Sarraceni), Pagans (Pagani), Greeks (Greci), Bulgarians (Bulgari), Cumans (Cumani), Ethiopians (Ethyopi), Syrians (Syri), Iberians (Iberi), Alans (Alani), Crimeans (Gazari), Goths (Gothi), Cerkess (Zici), Ruthenians (Rutheni), Jacobites (Jacobini), Nubians (Nubiani), Nestorians (Nestorini), Georgians (Georgiani), Armenians (Armeni), Indians (Indi), Mesoliti (probably people from Mosul), and other infidel nations of the East or of any other regions, speaking of the importance of their mission at the eleventh hour, as in the Apocalypse, in which the pope is sending them to raise the standard of the King of Glory for peoples who do not know the Lord Jesus Christ and to bring back the sons who do not obey the Holy Roman Church, to illuminate the blind multitude, exterminate heretical falsity, strengthen wavering souls, and comfort the faithful. To honour their ministry more fully and honourably, the pope grants that they can preach the Word of God in lands that do not yet obey the magisterium of the Apostolic See, safely communicate with the people there even if some of them are bound by excommunication, and convert to the unity of the Christian faith those wishing to receive it, baptise them, and add them to the sons of the Holy Church, as well as make clerics from those who have been added and promote them to the order of acolyte. They can also absolve, according to the form of the Church, those bound by excommunication who wish to return to obedience to the Apostolic See and give dispensations to those who received holy orders and celebrated the divine offices while so bound. They can do the same with people of those lands who celebrated at improper times or before the legitimate age or who received or conferred all orders on the same day or skipped the minor orders for the major ones if the proper form was followed. They can also give dispensations to people of those nations who married after taking holy orders or did so at prohibited levels so they can remain in those orders. Those who have returned to the unity of the Catholic Church shall live among their people and communicate with them, and clerics of those nations returning to obedience to the Apostolic See shall enjoy the clerical privilege. The friars can also hear the confessions of all the faithful in those lands and enjoin penance. They can absolve excommunicates, as long as they do fitting satisfaction for the injury and damage to those who suffered. They can also give dispensations for irregularities in those parts in cases for which papal legates usually give them, even to clerics of those parts suffering from defect of birth, as long as they are not born of adultery or incest or of parents in religious orders. They can give dispensations to those who abandoned the unity of the Catholic Church or religious orders or clerical orders, if they humbly wish to return and do satisfaction for what they did, so that those in religious orders are taken up again in their places. They can even absolve those who have killed clerics and religious persons in those parts, and they can found churches anew, reconcile churches that were profaned, and provide worthy rectors to churches they newly founded. To those who are newly converted from gentiles or schismatics they can give license to keep the wives they married within the degrees prohibited by divine law. They can hear married cases in those parts that normally are deferred to the pope. They can compel with ecclesiastical censure those who are in discord to make peace and concord between them and those who live inordinately by their crimes to make satisfaction as is just. In addition, they can receive orders and other sacraments from Catholic patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops, as well as priestly vestments, altars cloths, and corporals for those among them who are priests when it is necessary for them to bless where there are not many Catholic bishops. Finally, they can do other things for the increase and spread of the catholic faith and the reprobation of those who contradict holy traditions. March 22. Lyons. Pope Innocent IV writes to the brothers of the Order of Friars Minor (Franciscans) setting off for the lands of the Saracens (Sarraceni), Pagans (Pagani), Greeks (Greci), Bulgarians (Bulgari), Cumans (Cumani), Ethiopians (Ethyopi), Syrians (Syri), Iberians (Iberi), Alans (Alani),... more
sources: ASV, Reg. Vat. 21, f. 206r-v, no. 656; summary Innocent IV, Les registres, no. 1362
cite:
RRR: 2497
year: 1245
text: March 1-31. Hetoum, by the grace of God king of Armenia (Dei gracia Rex Armenie), son of Constantinus, and Queen Helysabeth, his wife and the daughter of the late King Leon of Armenia, of the family of Rupenids, grant under seal to Doge Jacopo Tiepolo and the Commune of Venice, represented by Petrus Dandulo, freedom to enter and leave their land, as already granted by King Leon. All Venetian merchants and men will be secure in their persons and goods, and they may buy and sell without the payment of dues. They are to be free in the ports, cities, bridges and other exits, except that when Venetians living in the East (in cismarinis partibus) enter per Portellam (i.e. by way of the Portella, the pass between the mountain and the sea north of Alexandretta linking Cilicia and the principality of Antioch) they are liable to pay the customary rates and all Venetians who bring in gold or silver and mint besants or other money should pay the same dues as do those who mint besants in the neighbourhood of Acre. Venetian persons and goods will be secure in the case of shipwreck, but passengers who are not Venetian will be subject to the king. The Venetians will not exercise protection over the goods and ships of other people. Venetians may travel to and trade in any Christian or Muslim territory, which has truces with [Cilician] Armenia. The crown will work to restore any losses incurred on such a journey. The goods of Venetians who die will be protected. The goods of Venetians who die intestate will be held by the crown until it receives sealed letters from the doge or his Baiulus in Acre. It will then carry out whatever is ordered. Disputes between Venetians will be settled by a responsible man, appointed by the crown. Any dispute between Armenians and Venetians that ends in death will be judged in the royal court. Disputes that can be settled will be judged by the Sisiensis Archiepiscopus. Other disputes between Venetians and other men will be heard in the royal court. Hetoum and Helysabeth make the eleemosynary grant of a church, house and place for a further house and warehouse, for the use of a priest and cleric, in the city of Mamistra. The charter was drawn up by Gregorius sacerdos cancellarius. Signed in red ink in Armenian script and sealed with a golden bull. March 1-31. Hetoum, by the grace of God king of Armenia (Dei gracia Rex Armenie), son of Constantinus, and Queen Helysabeth, his wife and the daughter of the late King Leon of Armenia, of the family of Rupenids, grant under seal to Doge Jacopo Tiepolo and the Commune of Venice, represented by... more
sources: I trattati con il regno armeno di Cilicia 1201-1233, ed. A. Sopracasa, doc. 2, pp. 35-38; RRH 1141
cite:
RRR: 2498
year: 1245
text: April 3. Acre. Johannes and Symon de Treucis, brothers and knights, with the agreement of our mother, grant the Hospital, through the hands of brother Joannes de Ronay, general preceptor of that house three carrucatas of land, and one area and one house that we owe in Casale Album, located in the plain of Acre near the road leading to Coquetum, a village belonging to the Hospital. The above-mentioned preceptor gave Johannes and Symon 600 Saracen besants; the borders of the land granted are as follows: on the East it borders the land of the village of Coquet; on the West, the land of the Templar order and that of St. Thomas; on the south to another piece of land belonging to the Hospital and on the north to land belonging to St. Samuel. Radulfus, bishop of Acre (episcopus Acconensis), signed the deed, Rolandus de Luca, Gervasius Malguastel, vicecomes Acre (Acconensis), Stephanus de Salvingni, Alardus, Symon Bartolomaei, Johannes de Nefin, Guido Aurifaber, Johannes Philippi, Petrus Michaeli. April 3. Acre. Johannes and Symon de Treucis, brothers and knights, with the agreement of our mother, grant the Hospital, through the hands of brother Joannes de Ronay, general preceptor of that house three carrucatas of land, and one area and one house that we owe in Casale Album, located in the... more
text: April 23. Apud Drejam. Mathildis countess of Nevers (comitissa Nivernensis) grants Gottifredo dei Prefetti (Gottiffridus de Praefectis), bishop-elect of Bethlehem and his successors 40 libre turonensium annually. Gottifredo (Gottiffidus) for his part promises that he and his successor as the chapter of Bethlehem will pray for her and her family. April 23. Apud Drejam. Mathildis countess of Nevers (comitissa Nivernensis) grants Gottifredo dei Prefetti (Gottiffridus de Praefectis), bishop-elect of Bethlehem and his successors 40 libre turonensium annually. Gottifredo (Gottiffidus) for his part promises that he and his successor as the... more
sources: Gallia christiana 12, instrum. cols. 237-38, no. 1; RRH 1136
cite:
RRR: 2500
year: 1245
text: April 30. Lyons. Pope Innocent IV writes to the patriarch of Antioch [Alberto Roberti], relating that he received and understood his letter. In the pope’s and cardinals’ presence the patriarch once narrated how, when he had to pass by the ‘prince’ [Emperor Frederick II of Hohenstaufen] when coming to the Apostolic See, he found him eager for peace and ready to observe the peace that he and the Church accepted the previous year and to fulfil other conditions set by the pope with the advice of some of the cardinals. The pope assigned no one to deal with this between the Church and the ‘prince’, but he told the patriarch when he left the Apostolic See that the Church would accept it if the ‘prince’ wished to put the above into effect and if the patriarch wrote to the pope about the ‘prince’s’ wishes. The pope enjoined on certain persons through a letter he sent them via the pope’s familiar I[acopo] de Bojano, and in a letter to the patriarch, that if the ‘prince’ restored the land of the Church, they were to receive the land in the pope’s name. The patriarch obtained nothing at all certain in this matter. Rather the ‘prince’ declared himself ready to compromise on the business of the Lombards with the pope and certain others as arbiters, accepted the Peace of Constance, which he said he had always accepted, and asked the pope to restore to his grace princes and other clerics and laymen of the empire, about whom no mention is made in that peace nor does the pope remember dealing with them with the patriarch. Although the ‘prince’ once asked the pope for this restoration to grace, he was unable to obtain it, since the pope has no intention at all to remit the spiritual punishments, neither for the clerics nor for the laymen. So the pope is quite amazed. Nevertheless, the pope desires peace and wishes to avoid discord, so he would still accept it if the ‘prince’ strives to observe the aforesaid peace, restores to liberty the captive ecclesiastics and other men who adhere to the Church and whom he detains – otherwise they will hardly have peace – and does not delay in restoring the Church’s land, in such a way that news of the release of the captives and the restoration of the land reaches the pope before the Council [Lyon I], which the pope cannot postpone. April 30. Lyons. Pope Innocent IV writes to the patriarch of Antioch [Alberto Roberti], relating that he received and understood his letter. In the pope’s and cardinals’ presence the patriarch once narrated how, when he had to pass by the ‘prince’ [Emperor Frederick II of Hohenstaufen] when coming... more
sources: ASV, Reg. Vat. 21, f. 205v, no. 653; Innocent IV, Les registres, 1:207-8, no. 1359
cite:
RRR: 2501
year: 1245
text: May 6. Lyons. Pope Innocent IV writes to the patriarch of Antioch [Alberto Roberti], assigning him the task of telling [Emperor Frederick II of Hohenstaufen] that the pope will have him absolved of excommunication as soon as he makes satisfaction for his manifest offenses and provides a sufficient guarantee for the doubtful ones. May 6. Lyons. Pope Innocent IV writes to the patriarch of Antioch [Alberto Roberti], assigning him the task of telling [Emperor Frederick II of Hohenstaufen] that the pope will have him absolved of excommunication as soon as he makes satisfaction for his manifest offenses and provides a sufficient... more
sources: ASV, Reg.Vat. 21, f. 205r-v, no. 652; Innocent IV, Les registres, 1:207, no. 1358
cite:
RRR: 2502
year: 1245
text: June 4. Cairo. Sultan [as-Ṣāliḥ Najm ad-Dīn Ayyūb] writes to Pope [Innocent IV], addressing him as noble, great, spiritual, kind, holy, the thirteenth apostle, the universal voice of the Christians, supporter of those who worship the cross, the judge of the Christian people, the leader of the sons of baptism, and highest pontiff of the Christians – let God strengthen him and grant him happiness – and referring to himself as the most powerful sultan, ruler over the necks of the nations, holding the two powers of the sword and the pen, possessing the two pre-eminences of doctrine and judgment, the king of two seas, dominator of the South and North, king of Egypt, Syria, Mesopotamia, Media, Ydumea, and Ophir, King Salech Belfet Ayob, son of Sultan Heimel Helmevaffar Mehamed son of Sultan King Hadel Bobecre son of Ayob, whose kingdom God loves. The sultan relates that he was presented the pope's letter, which he read carefully and understood the chapters that were inserted in them and was pleased by their content. The sultan had the nuncio whom the pope sent to him received with honour, love, devotion, and reverence and he summoned him to his presence, hearing his words and showing the nuncio the sultan's faith in Christ, may salvation be upon him. Concerning this Christ the sultan knows more than the pope and praises him more than the pope does. Concerning the pope's desire for tranquillity and quiet and for calling the peoples to peace, this the sultan also desires and always has. But the pope – let God strengthen him – knows that between the sultan and the emperor there has long been friendship, mutual love, and perfect concord since the time of the sultan's father, and the pope knows his own relationship with the emperor. Thus the sultan cannot settle with the Christians without first having the emperor's advice and consent on these matters. The sultan has written to his nuncio, who is at the emperor's court, concerning the matters that the pope's nuncio conveyed, announcing to him the chapters and proposals of the pope's nuncio. The sultan's nuncio will come to the pope's presence and speak with him and then inform the sultan. Afterwards, the sultan will respond accordingly, and he will not diverge from what seems useful for everyone, so he can have merit with God. June 4. Cairo. Sultan [as-Ṣāliḥ Najm ad-Dīn Ayyūb] writes to Pope [Innocent IV], addressing him as noble, great, spiritual, kind, holy, the thirteenth apostle, the universal voice of the Christians, supporter of those who worship the cross, the judge of the Christian people, the leader of the sons... more
sources: Lupprian, pp. 150-54, no. 22; RRH 1142, where it is dated 1246
cite:
RRR: 2503
year: 1245
text: June 8. Lyons. Pope Innocent IV writes to the prior and brothers of the desert of Mount Carmel, relating that, in support of their calling, following the example of Pope Gregory [IX], he forbids them to receive in any way or to presume to have property or possessions or houses or other incomes from now on, except for male asses and some feed for animals or foul. The pope leaves them to their peace and quiet, so that no one shall presume to install a prior in the desert without the assent of the brothers or of the greater and sounder part. For this he confirms and orders to be observed perpetually the rule that Pope Honorius [III] approved and handed to them to observe in remission of sins. June 8. Lyons. Pope Innocent IV writes to the prior and brothers of the desert of Mount Carmel, relating that, in support of their calling, following the example of Pope Gregory [IX], he forbids them to receive in any way or to presume to have property or possessions or houses or other incomes from... more
sources: ASV, Reg. Vat. 21, ff. 191v-192r, no. 594; summary Innocent IV, Les registres, no. 1311
cite:
RRR: 2504
year: 1245
text: *June 28 – July 17. Lyons. First Council of Lyons. Gualerannus bishop of Beirut (episcopus Beritensis), representing the entire Christian community in the East, had letters from the magnates resident in the Holy Land read out that spoke of the miseries there. *June 28 – July 17. Lyons. First Council of Lyons. Gualerannus bishop of Beirut (episcopus Beritensis), representing the entire Christian community in the East, had letters from the magnates resident in the Holy Land read out that spoke of the miseries there.
sources: Matthew Paris, Chronica maiora 4:431, 433-34
cite:
RRR: 2505
year: 1245
text: July 28. Lyons. Pope Innocent IV writes to the podestà, Council and People of Ancona, responding to their petition by granting that the merchants of their city can freely buy and sell in and export any merchandise from the city of Acre and the Kingdom of Jerusalem without paying any customs dues. July 28. Lyons. Pope Innocent IV writes to the podestà, Council and People of Ancona, responding to their petition by granting that the merchants of their city can freely buy and sell in and export any merchandise from the city of Acre and the Kingdom of Jerusalem without paying any customs dues.
sources: ASV, Reg. Vat. 21, f. 219v, no. 43; Innocent IV, Les registres, 1:214, no. 1404; Mayer, UKJ 3:1507-8, no. App. III/14; RRH 1025
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