Displaying 361 - 370 of 527
RRR: 3116
year: 1255
text: December 23. Lateran. Pope Alexander IV writes to Patriarch Jacobus [Pantaléon] of Jerusalem, papal legate, granting him the power of giving a dispensation for irregularity to regular and secular clerics of his patriarchate and also to those coming to it on pilgrimage and staying there if while suspended, under interdict, or excommunicate they received holy orders and administered in them out of forgetfulness or ignorance of the law, as long as it was not done in contempt. Valid for three years after his arrival in those parts.
sources: Bourel de La Roncière, Les registres, 1:306, no. 1016
cite:
RRR: 3117
year: 1256
text: c. 1255. Acre. Charges imposed on merchandise as recorded in the Livre des Assises de la Cour des Bourgeois. (Abbreviations: b. – besant; k. – karouble. (*) = entry found only in Venice: Biblioteca Marciana ms. fr. App. 6; (†) entry omitted from that manuscript.) A The rubric speaks of these charges having been set ancienement by the kings and the preudes homes.Sales tax in the fonde on silk (see): 8 b. 19k. per 100b. [= 8.8%]; Sales tax on cotton (couton/conte): 10b. 18k. per 100b. [= 10.75%]; Sales tax on pepper (pevre ): 11b. 5k. per 100b. [= 11.2%]; *Tax on cinnamon (canelle): 10b. 18k. per 100b. [= 10.75%]; *Tax on wool (laine): 11b. 10k. per 100b; †Tax on alum (l’alum): 11b. 5k. per 100b. [= 11.2%]; †Tax on lac (laque): 10b. 18k. per 100b. [= 10.75%]; Tax on nutmeg or mace (nois mouscades or feullies mouscades): 8⅓b. per 100b. (variant: 9b. 8k.) [= 8.3%]; *Tax on linen or flax (lin): 8b. 8k. [= 8.3%]; Tax on cloves (giroffle and feilles de giroffle): 9⅓b. per 100b. [= 9.3%]; Tax on guinea fowl (gelines des Indes): one tenth. Unsold merchandise brought in by sea can be taken away again, but if it is taken through the chaene it pays 8b. for each 100b it should have sold for. And it offered for sale in the fonde it still pays whatever the rate is. This applies to Saracens and all types of Syrians. Tax on musk (mousquelliat): 8⅓b. per 100b. [= 8.3%]; Tax on aloe wood (ling aloe): 9⅓b. per 100b. [= 9.3%]; Taxes on imported sugar (sucre), irrespective of whether it is brought in by sea or by land: 5b. per 100b. [= 5%]; Tax on a camel load of sugar: 4b; Tax on a pack animal (soumier) load of sugar: 1 raboin; Tax on anything brought by land to take to Muslim lands (Païenime): 1k. per besant; Tax on salt fish (pisson salé) imported from Egypt (Babiloine): 1 besant in 4 [= 25%]; Tax on flax (lin) being taken in transit from Egypt to Damascus: 1b. 2k. per camel load; Tax on henna (l’encanne): 18½k. per sack; Tax on all the spices (espices des estassouniers): 1b. per 1k. [= 4.2%]; Tax on sesame (susseman) at entry: 10b. per 100b; Tax on sesame oil (huile de suceman): 11b. per 100b; Tax on incense (l’encens): 11b. 5 k. per 100b. [= 11.2%]; Tax on cardamom (cardmoine): 11b. 5 k. per 100b. [= 11.2%]; Tax on ivory (l’ivoire): 2k. per 1b. [= 8.3%]; Tax on sarcocolla (l’anserout): 11b. 5 k. per 100b. [= 11.2%] (variant: 1b. 1 k.); Tax on galingale (galangal): 4b. 4k. per 100b. [= 4.17%]; Tax on spikenard (?; festus et de la feulle dou tembal): 4b. 4k. per 100b. [= 4.17%]; Tax on myrobalan (?; helileth): 4b. 4k. per 100b. [= 4.17%]; Tax on cinnamon (canelle): 4b. 4k. per 100b. [= 4.17%] [NB already listed but with a much higher tax]; Tax on rhubarb (renbarbe): 4b. 3k. per 100b (variant 4.b. 4k. [= 4.17%]); Tax on ginger (gingimbre): 4b. 4k. per 100b. [= 4.17%]; Tax on camphor (cafor): 9b. 8k. per 100b. [= 9.3%]; Tax on borage (borac): 11b. 5k. [= 11.2%]; Tax on aspic (l’espis): 4b. 4k. per 100b. [= 4.17%]; Tax on queffire: 4b. 4k. per 100b. [= 4.17%]; Tax on ammoniac (l’armoniac): the full tax (dreiture enterine) i.e. 11b. 5k. [= 11.2%]; Tax on sucre nabeth: droiture enterine [11b. 5k. = 11.2%]; Tax on dates (datles): droiture enterine [11b. 5k. = 11.2%]; Tax on emery (l’esmerill): 10b. per 100b; Tax on liquorice (requelice) levied on Saracens and Syrians: disme et demi disme [= 15%]; levied on Franks: 12b. per 100b; Tax on orpiment (l’orpiment): 11b. 5k. [= 11.2%]; Tax on camphor root (racine dou cafour): 11b. 5k. [= 11.2%]; Tax on belts (sengles) taken out of the town and on saddles (seles): 1k. per 1.b. [= 4.4%]; Tax on yellow orpiment (l’orpiment gaune): droiture enterine [11b. 5k. = 11.2%]; Tax on libanotis (?; libanus): 10b. 18k. [= 10.75%]; Tax on all the boards and beams (les tables et les chevrons) exported by land: one quarter of their cost; Tax on tables c’on fait a batre les erres (variants: heires, serres): one tenth of their cost; Tax on salt fish (pisson salé) taken out of the town: one quarter of their cost; Tax on fruit (fruit): 14b per 100b; Tax on chickens (gelines) taken out of the town and glass (verre): dreiture enterine [11b. 5k. = 11.2%]; Tax on goubles: 2k. per 1.b. (= 8.3%]; Tax on olives (olives): 20b. per 100b; Tax on wine brought from Nazareth, Safourie and Safran: 12 drahans per camel load; Tax on Damascus thread (fil de Doumas): dreiture enterine [11b. 5k. = 11.2%]; Tax on senna (ssenen): 20b. per 100.b.; Tax on blackcurrants (rebeth; variant: ribes): 8⅓b. per 100.b.; Tax on wine imported from Antioch or La Liche (Latakia): 1k. per 1.b.; Tax on shoes (soliers) that the Saracens buy: disme; Tax on grain (blé): disme; Tax on geese (hues): disme; Tax on chickens (gelines) and poussins (poucins): disme i.e. 10b. per 100b.; Tax on oats (bouquines) imported from Muslim lands (Païenime): 12½b. per 100b.; Tax on aucs brought into the town: disme Tax on oil (l’uille) which comes to the fonde: 8b. 4k. [= 8.17%]; Tax on gale: 5b. 18k. [= 5.75%]; Tax on wool (laine) imported from anywhere: 10b. 18k. per 100b.; Tax on wax (cire): 2b. 5k. (variant: 11b. 5k.); Tax on feathers (pennes): droiture enterine, i.e. 11b. 5k.per 100b. B The rubric speaks of what was established by the common consent of the kings, knights, burgesses and communes as to where the Greeks, Syrians, Jacobins, Nestorins, Mosserins, Ermines and all other Syrian langles should be in the city. The king, knights and others have established that no Syrian or anyone answerable in the Court de la Fonde including Syrians, Greeks, Nestourins, Jacobins, Samaritans, Judes and Mosserins should be above the fonde in Acre and not below it because that way the lord would be unable to enforce his rights (to taxation) on them. (It would seem, following Jacoby, that the Fonde was located near the Gate of St Nicholas (the land gate in the east of the city) and that this paragraph means in the effect that all business had to be done within the walls so that the gate tax could be enforced.) From all Greeks or Syrians, whether estasoniers or not, should be taxed anything they buy or have bought for them beyond the fonde at the rate of 6 drahans per besant when taking it up through the fonde. The grain that any Syrian buys beyond the fonde, whether it for themselves or their children or for someone else is taxed at 2 drahans per besant when taken through the fonde. All vilains residing in our lordship, i.e. the diocese of the bishop of Acre, should pay a tithe on all the clothing or other things they buy beyond the fonde. Wine bought beyond the fonde by Syrians or Greeks who are liable, whether for themselves or for re-sale, should pay 6 drahans on each boutiselle. Salt bought by Saracen vileins and taken out of the town should pay 4 drahans per muid. All pottery products such as bowls, pots and jars (escuelles et pignates et pos et jares) should pay a quarter of their cost on leaving. Pottery brought from the Muslim lands (Païenime) into Acre should pay 2k. per 1.b. Clothing imported by the Antioch merchants such as wimples (guimples), messares and other silken or thread embroidered work (de see labourees et de fill) pays 5k. (variant 5b.) per 100b. Imported made-up clothing (robe cousue) pays 7b. per 100b. Buckram (bouquerans) and cotton cloth (tele dou coton) pays 8⅓b. per 100b. Anyone selling wheat (fourment) in the town, whether Frank or Syrian, should pay a disme. But an home rendable who imports wheat or barley (forment ou orge) and does not wish to sell it there but says it for his own consumption or that of his household, should swear to this effect on the sains and should be quit. But he should still pay a transit tax of 6 drahans a mui. The tax on a muy of nuts (nosilles) taken out of the town is 3k. per muy. †The tax on onions (plante de siboles) taken out of the town should be a quarter. Wine imported from Muslim lands (Païenime) pays 3½ drahans. Marble blocks, painted and dressed (escuelles de marbre peintes et de bornies) imported from Muslim lands (Païenime) pay 2k. per 1b.; Imported raisins (rasin) pay 2 sos per camel load. A donkey loaded with raisins pays 18k. †A load of figs (fies) pays 3 drahans. †Each donkey load of carobs (karoubles) pays 3 drahans. A camel load of carobs pays 4 drahans. A donkey load of wood pays a quarter of what it sells for. A camel load of wood pays 2 drahans. Almonds (amandles) and nuts (nois) pay 2k. per 1b. Onions (siboles) and garlic (aus) taken out of town pay a disme. Carobs (karoubles) taken out of the town pay 2.k. per 1b. Dried figs (fies seche) pay 1k. per 1b. Horse leather (cuir de cheval) pays a disme. †Butter (burre), whether old or fresh, pays a disme. A camel load of wine coming from Kazallinbert (variant: Casal Imbert), Nazareth or Haifa (Cayfas) pays 14 drahans for 2 boutiselles. Bows and (crossbow) bolts (ars et piles) pay 2 k per 1b. Cabar (Malabar nuts?) pays a quarter; the pack animal is free. Wooden beams (esparaies) pay a quarter. Olives pay a quarter. †Quince (coins) pay a quarter. Apples (poumes) and pears (peres) pay a quarter. Terebinth (zarours) pay a quarter. Tahina (tahine) pays a disme. Cheese (fromage) brought from Saracen kasaus and is sold at the fonde pays a dyhme. Straw (paille) imported to make boxes (cofins) pays a quarter. (This final entry does not seem to make sense; maybe some words are missing from the text: perhaps ‘Straw – a donkey load pays …’ followed by ‘[wood] for making boxes/coffins pays a quarter’.). This completes all the taxes for leaving and entering the fonde.
sources: ‘Assises de la Cour des Bourgeois’, RHC Lois, 2:173-81; Kausler, Les Livres des Assises, p. 274-87
comments: Note: This material is highly problematic. For a useful discussion, see David Jacoby, ‘The fonde of Crusader Acre and its Tariff: Some New Considerations’ in Dei gesta per Francos: Études sure les croisades dédiées à Jean Richard, eds. Michel Balard, Benjamin Z. Kedar and Jonathan Riley-Smith [Aldershot, 2001
cite:
RRR: 3118
year: 1256
text: January 10. [Nicosia]. Regulation of Archbishop Hugo (Ugo da Fagiano) Nicosiensis, who relates that he found that clerics of the [Nicosia] church almost completely neglect the office of the Blessed Virgin and the service of the dead, not entering the choir during these services or, if they are there, leaving, and he orders them to attend and remain until the end, or else be punished. He orders the same for Prime, which few attend, and from now on attending Compline is also mandatory, since the archbishop considers it one of the canonical hours. Moreover, since some in the choir converse, make noise, shout, and quarrel, in contempt of God and the divine worship, he forbids this as well, threatening serious punishment for those who disturb the divine offices.
sources: Schabel, Synodicum Nicosiense, pp. 114-15, no. A.XXXII
cite:
RRR: 3119
year: 1256
text: January 12. Lateran. Pope Alexander IV writes to Patriarch Jacobus [Pantaléon] of Jerusalem, papal legate, relating that he has learned that the number of canons in the church of the Holy Sepulchre has decreased, on account of which the church is defrauded of the service of the obligatory number, so he grants the patriarch the faculty to install six worthy persons as canons of the church, if the church has sufficient funds, and of restraining those who contradict with ecclesiastical censure, without appeal.
sources: Bourel de La Roncière, Les registres, 1:323, no. 1077
cite:
RRR: 3120
year: 1256
text: January 13. Lateran. Pope Alexander IV writes to Patriarch [Jacobus Pantaléon] of Jerusalem, papal legate, relating that, although inside his church he can use the pallium at certain times, the pope grants that he can use his pallium freely in whatever province he is for the glory of the divine name and the see of Jerusalem, as long as it does not cause scandal or prejudice to others.
sources: Bourel de La Roncière, Les registres, 1:321, no. 1071
cite:
RRR: 3121
year: 1256
text: January 13. Lateran. Pope Alexander IV writes to the same [Patriarch Jacobus (Pantaléon) of Jerusalem], granting him the faculty of absolving according to the form of the Church all clerics and laypeople from the sentence of excommunication that they incur or henceforth will incur for violating the prohibitions or constitutions issued by Cardinal-Bishop [Eudes de Châteauroux] of Tusculum (Tusculanus) when he was papal legate in areas of Outremer, and of giving a dispensation for the irregularity for celebrating or being involved in the divine offices while so bound, unless it was done in contempt, with the proviso that he enjoins on them to abstain from similar things in the future.
sources: Bourel de La Roncière, Les registres, 1:323, no. 1078
cite:
RRR: 3122
year: 1256
text: January 15. Lateran. Pope Alexander IV writes to the master and brothers of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem, relating that they have to go to great expense for the defense of the Holy Land and do not have sufficient funds from their own house, so he agrees to their request by conferring on them the monastery of St Lazarus de Bethania of the Order of St Benedict in the diocese of Jerusalem – which was almost destroyed by the pagan persecution of the enemies of the Christian name who are said to occupy it – along with all its possessions, rights, liberties, immunities, and appurtenances, in such a way that the addressees provide the abbess and nuns of the monastery who are now there with all their necessities as long as they live, and after their death or departure they are to substitute as many religious women of the addressee's order as are known to be at present of the other religion in that monastery, and to arrange that they remain there perpetually under the correction and governance of the rule of the Hospital, the rights of the patriarch of Jerusalem, the diocesan of the place, and of other pontiffs in whose dioceses the goods of the monastery exist.
sources: Delaville Le Roulx, Cart Hosp 2:801-2, no. 2781; RRH 1243a
comments: Note: See also RRR 3123.
cite:
RRR: 3123
year: 1256
text: January 16. Lateran. Pope Alexander IV writes to Bishop [Eustorgius] of Tiberias (Tyberiadensis) and the abbot of the monastery of St Samuel in Acre (Accon) of the Premonstratensian Order, repeating much of the content of the previous letter (RRR 3122) concerning the transfer of the remaining assets of the nunnery of St Lazarus de Betania of the Order of St Benedict in the diocese of Jerusalem to the Hospitallers and ordering the addressees to oversee the arrangements.
sources: Paoli, Cod. dipl., 1:164-65, no. 135; cf. Delaville Le Roulx, Cart Hosp 2:875, no. 2925; RRH 1244
comments: Note: This letter is not in the papal registers but is incorporated in a document dated 5 August 1259.
cite:
RRR: 3124
year: 1256
text: January 20. Lateran. Pope Alexander VI writes to the master and brothers of the knighthood of the Temple of Jerusalem, responding to their devout requests by granting that are not held at all nor can they be forced to pay any taxes, collections, subsidies, or sums of money or exactions however they are called for any reason because of their churches, houses, or any other possessions, by any papal or legatine letter obtained or to be obtained without special papal mandate making full and express mention of this indulgence, and the pope declares null and void any sentences of excommunication or interdict promulgated against them contrary to this indulgence.
sources: Bourel de La Roncière, Les registres, 1:322, no. 1075
cite:
RRR: 3125
year: 1256
text: January 23. Lateran. Pope Alexander IV writes to the master and brothers of the knighthood of the Temple, relating that the late Pope I[nnocent IV] once granted that they could receive up to 10,000 silver marks outside the Kingdom of Germany from money spent in redemption of crusading vows in support of the Holy Land; from money gained via usury, robbery, or other evil ways that the faithful order to be restored in their last will or are ready to do so while they are living, even if they are healthy, as long as those to whom the money must be restored cannot be found at all; and from testaments of the faithful with bequests to the Holy Land without expressing specific places or persons, assigning them certain executors for this. Afterwards, however, before they received this sum from the above, as is asserted, the present pope granted that Patriarch J[acobus] of Jerusalem could receive the money from the redemptions and bequests in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Wishing to avoid any trouble between the Templars and the patriarch on account of this, the pope responds to the patriarch's prayers by granting that the Templars can receive the above in the Kingdom of Germany and everywhere else except the Kingdom of Jerusalem as granted by the pope's predecessor until they reach the abovementioned sum.
sources: Bourel de La Roncière, Les registres, 1:324, no. 1085
cite:
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